Mottled arum aphid
green with black cross bands behind the head, broken along the midline, and a large horseshoe-shaped spot on the back of the abdomen. These black markings can [...] of honeydew, which provides an excellent substrate for the growth of black sooty mould. Large areas of mould covering the leaves can reduce photosynthesis [...] they shed white skin, betraying their presence in the crop. Reproduction of the mottled arum aphid is entirely by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized viviparous