• Lesser house fly

  maggot development. In extreme cases, large fly populations can even represent a public health concern for the communities surrounding a farm. Damage symptoms [...] conditions, the maggots complete three larval stages and pupate (inside a puparium) in a week or more. Fannia puparia resemble the larval form, and the flies [...] temperate neotropics, and they typically reproduce in feces, compost and carrion. These flies are often a serious concern for commercial animal farming operations

• Black bean aphid

  fabae , is widespread in temperate regions, where it is a serious economic pest of beans. It is highly polyphagous, and attacks a wide range of other crops [...] with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death

• Tomato russet mite

  time in Australia and is a pest in tomatoes in all areas where they are grown. Other members of the plant family Solanaceae may be affected to a lesser [...] Affected stems turn a rusty brown colour, and in serious cases they may snap. The fruit can also be affected, and when this happens in tomatoes, the skin [...] The first nymphal stage is a transparent white colour and about 0.1 mm long. They usually develop to the 2nd stage within a day. All life stages look very

• Cotton aphid

  with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] distributed throughout the world but prefers the warmer regions. It has been a pest in European greenhouses since the late 1980’s, particularly affecting cucumber [...] growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death

• House fly

  Houseflies are a well-known pest of farm and home. Believed to have originated in central Asia, the insect expanded its range worldwide long ago as a commensal [...] always found in association with human activity. As the most common species of fly found on livestock farms, they represent both a nuisance and a risk for [...] maggot development. In extreme cases, large fly populations can even create public health issues for the communities surrounding a farm. Damage symptoms

• Fall Armyworm

  disperse in a radius of about 500 km (300 miles) before oviposition, which is sufficient for them to move from seasonally dry habitats to wet habitats in Central [...] the warm, humid evenings. Females lay their eggs in clusters of 150-200 and can lay up to 2000 eggs in a lifetime. Eggs are white, pinkish or light green [...] General The fall armyworm is a polyphagous pest that is indigenous throughout the Americas. Recently, it has been found in Africa too. The caterpillars

• Stable fly

  between 5–7 mm in size and largely resemble the house fly , even having a four-striped thorax. However, they are light grey in colour; they have a broader abdomen [...] and pigs to a lesser extent). Although they are extremely common and exist worldwide, it is believed they first originated somewhere in Eurasia. Stable [...] abdomen that displays several dark spots in a “checkerboard” pattern; and, most significantly, they have long, piercing mouthparts that protrude from the

• Buckthorn-potato aphid

  nasturtii , has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution and is a major pest of potatoes, where it also transmits viruses. It also attacks a large number of [...] with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] . The major problem in potatoes is the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance of Buckthorn-potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with

• Sciarid flies

  areas in dark places, with a lot of organic material. They occur the whole year round. The eggs are minute (0.1 to 0.25 mm) and yellowish white in colour [...] roots. The larvae can grow to 5 to 12 mm in length and 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter. They are legless and have a conspicuous black head. The head is equipped [...] equipped with biting-chewing mouth parts. Pupation takes place in a small hole in the ground. Pupae are white, but later become yellow to brown. The posterior

• Cabbage looper

  General Trichoplusia is not only a damaging pest in crucifers, their favourite host, it can also be found in crops such as tomato, pepper, some cucurbits [...] they move in a “looping” manner. They take 15 to 20 days to pass through 5 instars, changing colour from yellowish green to pale green with a white band [...] Pupation takes place in webbed cocoons often on the underside of the host plants. The pupae have a green colour and then change to a coffee brown colour