• Northern Corn Rootworm

  feed on the foliage, pollen, silks and developing kernels of corn, with the following consequences: When corn silks are cut all the way back to the ear and [...] diapause; the eggs of “semivoltine” Diabrotica barberi remain dormant in the soil for two winters. This allows the larvae to effectively skip the field’s [...] in the soil at the base of corn plants in late summer/early fall and each can lay up to 300 eggs. Northern corn rootworm eggs remain dormant in the soil

• Japanese beetle

  in the soil. In early spring, when the soil temperatures increase, the grubs move closer to the surface and resume feeding on plant roots at 2.5 to 5.0 [...] actions were taken to prevent further spread. The Japanese beetle is on the A2 list of the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). To prevent its further [...] outside the known area in Italy need to be reported to the National Plant Protection Authorities. Damage symptoms Skeletonized foliage is the most common

• Spotted Wing Drosophila

  oviposition, the respiration tubes extend from the fruit but are difficult to see. Larval feeding in the fruit leads to fruit tissue collapse. Even if the fruits [...] collapsed, the occurrence of larvae within the fruit makes them unmarketable. The punctures made by the oviposition by D. suzukii exposes fruits to secondary [...] strong saw-like ovipositor that is used to penetrate the skin of the host fruit and for laying the egg into the fruit. Eggs are white, 0.6 long and 0.2

• Corn rootworm

  although it is the former that causes the most extensive damage. The larvae feed on the rootlets and dig tunnels in the larger roots. This leads to a reduction [...] year. The pest overwinters in the soil in the egg stage. Egg hatching start in the middle of May and continues until the begin of July, with the presence [...] black stripes on the wing covers. They emerge throughout the summer period with a peak between the end of June and the middle of July. The adults may mate

• American serpentine leaf miner

  falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate. A small percentage of the larvae remain hanging on the [...] hard to distinguish from feeding spots. The larvae of Liriomyza trifolii are entirely ochre-yellow. When the larva hatches from the egg, it begins to eat [...] . Today the insect is widespread across the whole world. Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct

• Sciarid flies

  General Sciarid flies constitute the family of Sciaridae. The species that cause most damage to crops belong to the genera Bradysia and Lycoriella . Lycoriella [...] flies The life cycle of sciarid flies has the following stages: egg, four larval instars, a pupal instar, and the adult. The adult insects are 1 to 5 mm [...] They occur the whole year round. The eggs are minute (0.1 to 0.25 mm) and yellowish white in colour. They are laid on the ground surface close to plant roots

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  deformations in the growing tip of the plant. Precisely where the plant is pierced is unimportant. The piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause [...] length exceeds that of the body. The legs are also long, there are two distinctive dark green spots on the abdomen at the base of the cornicles. Alate (winged) [...] When the glasshouse potato aphid (Aulacorthum solani) pierces the leaves or the fruit of sweet pepper it secretes a toxic substance, which leads to deformations

• Tarnished plant bug

  injecting enzyme-filled saliva to break down the plant tissue and sucking out the contents. The following symptoms begin to appear a few weeks after feeding [...] General The lygus bug (or tarnished plant bug) is native to North America, and it is especially common across the eastern half of the continent, from northern [...] northern Canada to southern Mexico. It is one of the most damaging Hemiptera species, known to feed on almost all commercial crops. Lygus lineolaris boasts

• Tomato russet mite

  appears to be divided into two parts: the head with the mouthparts, and the rest of the body. All mobile stages have only two pairs of legs, whereas other mite [...] Other members of the plant family Solanaceae may be affected to a lesser extent. Damage symptoms Damage is caused by the mites sucking out the contents of plant [...] and affected leaves dry out quickly. The damage is first seen on the lower part of the plant and moves upwards as the mites ascend. Life cycle and appearance

• Western flower thrips

  cause damage to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting [...] other sheltered places. The prepupal and pupal instars can be recognized by their developing wing buds. Compared to the prepupa, the pupa has longer, more [...] silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll