• Broad mite

  to the damage caused by viruses. The typical pattern of damage consists of malformation and distortion of the above-ground growth of the plant. The mites [...] General The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) [...] to cause the leaf to turn brown and curl up. A typical indication of an attack of broad mite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus ), is the appearance of dark brown

• Click beetles

  fully grown the larvae pupate in the soil in summer. The adults appear about 4 weeks after pupation, but usually remain in the soil until the following spring [...] and feed on the roots of many plants. Damage symptoms The click beetles feed on the roots and bore into the base of plants. This can cause the plants to [...] eggs are laid in May or June in groups in the soil. They hatch about one month later and the larvae start to feed on roots. The larvae (‘wireworms’) are

• Codling moth

  It is very common in Europe. Damage symptoms After invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen [...] Depending on the climate, there are one, two or more generations per year. The fully grown caterpillars of the last generation overwinter and pupate in spring [...] spring. Larvae still in the apples at harvest can often be found in cracks in apple boxes or other places in the store.

• Cabbage looper

  sesame and cotton. One of the reasons why this plague can be serious is that the moth is able to disperse widely, reaching distances of up to 200 km. Damage [...] a white band on both sides of the body. Pupation takes place in webbed cocoons often on the underside of the host plants. The pupae have a green colour [...] cycle and appearance of Trichoplusia ni Adults can deposit up to 300 eggs on the underside margins of the upper leaves of plants. The eggs have a spherical

• Crane flies

  Larvae emerge within one week and then feed on roots and crowns of grasses during the autumn.. Larvae overwinter in the soil, usually in the third instar stage [...] General The larvae of crane flies , called leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses [...] again in spring. They become active again and feed voraciously when the soil begins to warm up in spring. The larvae pupate below the soil surface in summer

• Crop Monitoring and Scouting

  detect the presence of pests and respond accordingly. Benefits of crop monitoring and scouting One of the most critical aspects of crop scouting is pest [...] Understanding crop monitoring and scouting In the world of agriculture and horticulture, the phrase "knowledge is power" couldn't be truer. Crop monitoring [...] and scouting is the systematic observation of crops throughout their growth cycle. This involves a close inspection of plants for signs of stress, pests

• Lyprauta

  appearance of Lyprauta The adults of the three species can be distinguished by the wing pattern of adults. Adults of P. trinidadensis have a variation of dar [...] root damage in potted orchids, especially in greenhouses in the Netherlands. Dutch farmers call these larvae potworms, however, they should not be confused [...] confused with the actual potworms which are small earthworms of the family Enchytraeidae. Damage symptoms The symptoms are superficial damage on roots. Especially

• Greenhouse whitefly

  General The greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) is one of the major pests of vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses throughout the world [...] affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt and fall. Such leaf damage can in turn influence [...] and the excess is excreted as honeydew, with larger larvae expelling large quantities. The damage that whiteflies cause to a crop is the result of sucking

• Cutworms

  instars is usually observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings. Sometimes wilting is observed because of partial [...] flow in the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale grey to grey-brown forewings with a faint kidney-shaped marking [...] a broad dark marginal stripe. The wingspan is about 40-55 mm and the dorsal thorax is covered with close-lying hairs. The eggs are white at first but rapidly

• Tomato looper

  three pairs of prolegs, instead of the normal five and therefore the caterpillar moves with the same looping motion as an inchworm (geometrid). The cocoon is [...] species originating in the Mediterranean and northern Africa. The larva is highly polyphagous and feeds on plants of over 20 families, among them crops such [...] from southern Europe, the golden twin-spot moth ( Chrysodeixis chalcites ) spreads to several northerly countries and is now one of the most frequently found