• Root rot of carrot

  at the generic level. Årsvoll was the first to identify and describe the fungus in Norway, in 1965. An infection can occur through the soil and the air [...] various shapes. The lesions can merge and eventually cover the entire surface of the carrot. The affected areas are firm, shallow, and clearly visible [...] develop on the surface. Initially, the disease forms circular to irregular spots on the leaves that vary in colour from grey to almost black. The spots appear

• Leaf miners

  species in this family, only eleven are truly polyphagous. The species that cause most damage all belong to the genus Liriomyza and are very common in temperate [...] lost before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of [...] directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue which can lead to desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic

• Roots Growers positive about Mycotal against whitefly

  notice that the whitefly’s development cycle had clearly been inhibited in the spots treated with Mycotal. We used the same dosage of Enermix in the three test [...] of infestation is higher and whitefly levels are high earlier in the year. We could theoretically spray everything in the greenhouse to death during crop [...] Blastospores are the spores that are usually formed as a means for the fungus to spread and reproduce inside the insect. Mycotal’s blastospore formulation has

• Neoseiulus cucumeris

  deutonymph and adult. Eggs are laid on the underside of leaves on leaf hairs or in the axils of main and side veins. They are oval, white and have a diameter [...] instance in sweet pepper crops as the predatory mite can establish itself in the crop before the pest appears. The success of predatory mites in controlling [...] diameter of approximately 0.14 mm. The larvae have six legs, are the same colour as the eggs, and are only slightly larger. They do not need to feed to develop

• Early blight

  General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary [...] crop rotation, in particular when spores surviving in the soil are the main source of infection. Especially wheat and barley reduce the number of surviving [...] presents itself as spots on leaves, petals and stems. These spots can be distinguished by the dark and brown concentric rings that are caused by sporulation

• Blueberry

  nutrients and even kill them. At the same time, they strengthen the root system making the plant less vulnerable to infection. Bumblebees are highly efficient [...] applied to the growing medium when the plants are being grown under permanent protection, where they will compete with the pathogenic fungi for space and nutrients [...] management in blueberry Integrated pest management (IPM) plays a vital role in blueberry crop protection , addressing the numerous pests and diseases that

• European red mite

  generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in autumn. [...] long, brick red, and oval shaped with white hairs on their back and white spots (tubercles) at the base of the hairs; males are about 0.3 mm long, yellowish [...] Contrary to the two-spotted spider mite , Tetranychus urticae , it does not produce large amounts of webbing. The eggs are about 0.15 mm in diameter, dark

• Pepper weevil

  during the cooler parts of the day, as this is when they are most active. Another recommendation is to inspect the ground as well as the flowers and immature [...] lays 341 eggs over the full oviposition period, which hatch after four days. The larvae are whitish and plump, with large black spots and brown mandibles [...] whether they fall to the ground or contain holes where eggs are laid or adults were hatched. Meanwhile, the larvae develop in flower buds and young fruit, causing

• Stable fly

  congregate on the legs of livestock to feed, and the population size can be assessed by counting the number of Stomoxys on the animals’ front legs. The flies become [...] anemia (EIA) and hog cholera, and the protozoan trypanosomes that cause surra. Life cycle and appearance of the Stable fly Adult stable flies are between 5–7 [...] somewhere in Eurasia. Stable flies superficially resemble house flies, but are lighter in colour and have biting mouth parts. Both male and female flies

• Tomato leaf miner

  ovipositor, usually in the upper side of the leaf. Egg spots are oval and hard to distinguish from feeding spots. Larvae of Liriomyza bryoniae are transparent [...] roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] Europe and northern Asia. In warmer regions, the insect is found outdoors but in temperate regions it only occurs in greenhouses. The tomato leaf miner