Black bean aphid

is widespread in temperate regions, where it is a serious economic pest of beans. It is highly polyphagous, and attacks a wide range of other crops. Damage [...] with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season

Akanthomyces muscarius

muscarium ) is a species of beneficial fungi commonly used in biological pest control . This fungus is known for its effectiveness in controlling various [...] equipment. It is compatible in the tank mix with a wide range of other plant protection products, making it easy to integrate in your current spraying program [...] the demise of the pests. As a result, Akanthomyces muscarius effectively suppresses populations of whiteflies, aphids, and thrips, providing a natural and

Potato/tomato psyllid

Overview It is a pest of huge economic importance, which initially affected potatoes and in recent years has become a problem for other Solanaceae crops [...] concern and proving difficult to control. In light of this, the export of fruit from susceptible crops to some parts of Europe, and the import into Mexico, is [...] disease in potatoes and permanent yellowing disease in tomatoes, both of which are very harmful to the affected crops. Lifecycle and appearance of the p

Corn rootworm

Egg hatching start in the middle of May and continues until the begin of July, with the presence of larvae peaking around the middle of June. The whitish-coloured [...] flower abortion and, in the case of heavy infestations, significantly reduce the number of seeds. During the milk and dough stages of maturity, the adults [...] usually result in heavy yield losses, but it can facilitate the development of toxic fungi in the cob, with the resulting production of mycotoxins. Life

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] cycle, is similar to that of most Fusarium species. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores [...] plants Ensure there is adequate soil drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent damage during harvest and during post-harvest

European corn borer

larvae pupate in situ in the galleries or in the soil. Fully grown larvae overwinter inside their tunnels in stubble, stalks and maize ears, or in wild plants [...] nubilali s), is a severe pest of maize and has also been reported to attack apple, strawberries, peppers and other plants. It is present in Europe, North [...] Damage symptoms Horizontal rows of holes in the young leaves, caused by larval feeding, provide an early indication of European corn borer attack. Later

Broad mite

s latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) has a wide range of host plants, especially [...] The typical pattern of damage consists of malformation and distortion of the above-ground growth of the plant. The mites show a preference for young, [...] curl up. A typical indication of an attack of broad mite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus ), is the appearance of dark brown edges at the base of young leaves

Lesser house fly

comprises almost 300 different species of fly, including the lesser house fly , the latrine fly and a whole host of other manure-breeding flies . Fannia [...] maggot development. In extreme cases, large fly populations can even represent a public health concern for the communities surrounding a farm. Damage symptoms [...] flies mate, adult males will form swarms in areas with still air out of direct sunlight where they remain in flight as they wait to be visited by an unmated

Cannabis aphid

Although it was first described in 1860, the cannabis aphid ( Phorodon cannabis ; a.k.a. bhang aphid or hemp aphid) is a very new pest to North America [...] will typically reach maturity within a couple of weeks, and adults live up to a month. Outdoors, as the days shorten in late summer/early autumn, winged males [...] the next generation of aphids in the spring. In greenhouses, sexual reproduction is very rare and only triggered if lighting signals a shortening day.

Southern European marshland pyralid

seen in the daytime. Eggs are laid singly or in groups of 5 to 10 eggs, overlapping in a tile-like fashion on both the upper and lower surface of leaves [...] pupate in an earthen cocoon, concealed either within the crop or in another suitable spot in the vicinity. Pupation occurs in a cocoon made of webbing [...] are 4 pairs of prolegs. Caterpillars are found in webs, preferably in damp, humid places and are thus mainly found low in the crop, often in decaying organic