Black bean aphid
sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the [...] other crops. Damage symptoms Economic damage by black bean aphid is mainly due to direct feeding damage. Indirect damage is caused through the transmission [...] of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season,