Onion thrips

are inserted into the plant tissue with a saw-like ovipositor. Larvae are light to yellowish green in colour, with a large head and bright red eyes. The [...] tabaci) is found mostly along the main leaf veins, with most damage evident where these veins join. Fruit damage, for instance in cucumber, only occurs if [...] and pupal instars can be recognized by their developing wing buds. Compared with the prepupa, the pupa has longer, more developed wing buds and longer antennae

Early blight

lesions with a yellow halo restricted by leaf veins. Lesions can easily rupture. Other symptoms are brown lesions on stem and foot. On fruits, dark sunken [...] quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions occurring as rapidly as two to three days later and sporulation within

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] Fusarium fungi cause vascular wilt, root rot, foot and stem rot, leaf lesions, fruit rot, head blight in cereals and post-harvest decay. Fusarium oxysporum is [...] cultivars Use clean propagation materials (seed can be treated effectively with hot water) Use clean substrate in greenhouse crops Disinfect tools, machinery

Beetles

that are easily recognizable on account of their hard wing covers (elytra). With more than 350,000 known species, Coleoptera is the largest of all insect [...] The pupae do not make a cocoon and will already display many similarities with the adults. The adult beetles usually possess a pair of membranous wings [...] other species also feed on leaves. Adult beetles cause damage by feeding on fruits, flower buds and leaves depending on the species. Solution Finder Find solutions

Glasshouse potato aphid

is, with unfertilized viviparous females continuing to produce new generations of females. Aphids moult four times before reaching adulthood. With each [...] the glasshouse potato aphid (Aulacorthum solani) pierces the leaves or the fruit of sweet pepper it secretes a toxic substance, which leads to deformations [...] piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause deformed growth above with lumpy leaves and curled leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by

Leaf miners

this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown plants of fruiting vegetable crops, however, [...] tunnels. Feeding spots made by adult females can also reduce yield, although with the exception of ornamental crops, this is usually of less significance.

Spider mites and other mites

small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye and only have four legs. Tarsonemid mites cannot also not be seen with the naked eye but have eight legs [...] quality of fruits and vegetables. Broad mite damage Broad mites cause a distinct type of damage known as "bronzing", which can be confused with damage caused [...] this activity by seeking out mite hotspots and reducing outbreaks quickly. With Koppert’s biological solutions for spider mites and other mites, professional

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accordance with the directions on the label. It is an offence under the Pest Control Products Act to use this product in a way that is inconsistent with the [...] sowing. TRIANUM P Biological Fungicide can be used alone or in conjunction with certain chemical fungicides. TRIANUM P Biological Fungicide protects plants [...] vegetables (CG3-07), Leafy vegetables (CG4-13), Brassica vegetables (CG513), Fruiting vegetables (CG8-09), Cucurbit vegetables (CG9), Herbs (CG19A), greenhouse

Bacterial canker of tomato

crop entirely or, if the crop is old, only the plants in the infected area, with a substantial buffer zone. Replanting can only take place after thorough [...] infection. Damage symptoms Clavibacter causes spots on stems, leaves and fruits. Leaves and shoots wilt. On the lower leaves, blister-like white lesions [...] cankers to form. On tomato leaves, water-soaked lesions occur, usually white with a brown centre. In potato, the disease usually only occurs in the second

Thrips

in length. They have a distinctive elongated shape, with long, narrow wings that are fringed with fine hairs. Color: Thrips can be a variety of colors [...] by loss of chlorophyll. With a serious infestation the leaves themselves can shrivel, and there can be varying levels of fruit damage depending on the [...] problems in agriculture and horticulture. Thrips are small insects (0.5-14 mm), with the largest species found in the tropics. In temperate regions they are not