Tomato leaf miner

bryoniae) has many host plants and has caused crop damage in many parts of the world, including North Africa, Europe and northern Asia. In warmer regions [...] pepper, lettuce, melon, chrysanthemum and gerbera. Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage [...] desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic damage. In (sub-)tropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also

Cabbage moth

the middle. Head and thorax are grey-brown with white spots, and the abdomen is a pale, greyish brown. The moth flies only at dawn and dusk, hiding in the [...] rhubarb as well as chrysanthemum and carnation. It is a species found in Europe, North Africa (Libya, Canary Islands), Japan and sub-tropical Asia, including [...] producing skeletonized leaves, holes and frass on leaves. The caterpillars destroy large numbers of leaves and their frass accumulates in the heart of

Tarnished plant bug

edges of nurseries, and destroying favourable overwintering sites. Damage symptoms Lygus bug adults and nymphs attack the seeds, buds and flowers of plants [...] feeding damage causes cat-facing and dimpling; Seeds darken and collapse or shrink; Terminal plant growth is yellowed and distorted; Plants develop split-stem [...] soft rot and ring rot. Life cycle and appearance of Tarnished plant bug Adult Lygus lineolaris are true bugs that can grow up to 6.5 mm in length and are variable

Corn rootworm

densities can develop, and consequently it is susceptible to serious damage. Adults may also be found on Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Damage [...] by both larval and adult feeding, although it is the former that causes the most extensive damage. The larvae feed on the rootlets and dig tunnels in the [...] making the plant more susceptible to lodging, reducing its water and nutrient uptake capacity and leading to yield loss. When water supply is sufficient, the

Poultry Red Mite

04 inches) and have long legs. They are typically nocturnal feeders and remain hidden during the day in cracks and crevices, nests, cribs and roosts, egg [...] Salmonella gallinarum and S. enteritidis ). Flocks with mite infestations can suffer from: visible skin irritation and lesions on the breast and legs; increased [...] feather plucking; anemia, which presents as comb and wattle pallor; and death, in extreme cases. Life cycle and appearance of Poultry red mite Belied by its

Potato/tomato psyllid

ellow, and finally green. When they hatch, the adults have a yellowish-green colour and whitish wings, which become transparent over time, and their bodies [...] white or yellow lines and a distinctive white stripe on the abdomen. They are small in size, around 2.5 mm, and they live between 20 and 60 days. [...] initially affected potatoes and in recent years has become a problem for other Solanaceae crops such as tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, and tobacco. The potato

Bugs

puncturing leaves and growing points with their piercing-sucking mouthparts and extracting nutrients from them, resulting in deformations and puncture holes [...] insects, containing both harmful and beneficial species. Heteropteran bugs are insects which have flattened bodies and fold their wings flat over their [...] an egg, usually five nymphal instars and the adult insect. Several species of especially the families Miridae and Pentatomidae are found as pests in a

Flies

fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their larvae live in the ground and prefer moist substrates [...] immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs and tender roots as well as stem and leaf tissue and fruits. The lesions caused by feeding larvae provide [...] Sciaridae ( sciarid flies ) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the

Beetles

damage Both larvae and adults of beetles can cause damage to crops. The larvae of some species feed on growing tips and roots or chew and bore into stems [...] species, Coleoptera is the largest of all insect orders and displays an enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops [...] resemble the adult at all, and must pass through a pupal instar before reaching the adult stage. Larvae have biting mouthparts and mostly feed on the same

Leaf miners

directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue which can lead to desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic [...] ip between population size, leaf damage and yield reduction varies according to the season, culture method and the susceptibility of the host plant. This [...] are leaf miners? Leaf miners belong to the order Diptera (the true flies ) and form the family Agromyzidae. This is a family of small flies whose larvae