• Southern European marshland pyralid

  can cause severe damage, whereas roses appear to tolerate larger numbers. Life cycle and appearance of Southern European marshland pyralid Adults of the [...] organic material on the ground or substrate. They feed on detritus as well as life materials. Young larvae feed on the leaves and flowers before they bore and

• Diamond back moth

  flower buds, flowers and young seed pods, causing loss of pods and seeds. Life cycle and appearance of Diamond back moth The oval and flattened eggs of

• Beet armyworm

  ornamental crops the worst damage is caused by attacks on flowers and buds. Life cycle and appearance of Beet armyworm The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua)

• Corn earworm

  visible trace, which makes it necessary to open the crop to detect the pest. Life cycle and appearance of the corn earworm The eggs of corn earworm are a

• Codling moth

  beneath is eaten away. Infested fruits usually ripen prematurely and drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Codling moth The adults have a wing span of 15-22

• Japanese beetle

  other crops reduces their vitality and yield and sometimes kills the plants. Life cycle and appearance of Japanese beetle Newly-laid eggs of the Japanese beetle

• Chafers

  often caused by birds and small mammals digging for the grubs to eat them. Life cycle and appearance of Chafers Adult Amphimallon sostitialis are 14-18 mm

• Potato aphid

  leaves is reduced, affecting production. Life cycle and appearance of Potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms

• Yellow rose aphid

  viruses attacking strawberries and roses. Life cycle and appearance of Yellow rose aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms

• Black bean aphid

  leaves is reduced, affecting production. Life cycle and appearance of Black bean aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms