• Cutworms

  and hide in the ground during the day. Damage from these instars is usually observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings [...] the sap flow in the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale grey to grey-brown forewings with a faint kidney-shaped [...] are laid separately or in batches on the ground, or on the plant close to ground level. The larvae are yellowish when hatching with a dark head capsule and

• Shore fly

  often in the vicinity of water. They feed on algae. Other shore fly species have diverse feeding habits but the larvae of most species feed on rotting [...] can occur on such a scale that growth, particularly of young cuttings, can be retarded. Life cycle and appearance of Shore fly The life cycle of the shore [...] transmit plant diseases and can be a nuisance to greenhouse works by their sheer numbers. Frass deposited on leaves or flowers in ornamental crops, lettuce and

• Cabbage moth

  until they are a brown-black or sometimes even a purple colour. They are ridged and have a light network of markings. First instar larvae of the cabbage moth [...] moth (Mamestra brassicae) is a highly polyphagous defoliator. Besides being a major cabbage pest, it feeds on 70 plants of 22 families, among them crops [...] their frass accumulates in the heart of cabbage, thereby lowering the commercial value of infested crops. Life cycle and appearance of Cabbage moth The adult

• Diamond back moth

  groups of two or ten eggs on both the upper and lower surface of leaves, preferentially in depressions, and rarely on stems or petioles. There are four larval [...] h green areas of stems and pods causing whitening of the crop. Heavily damaged plants appear stunted and will, in most cases, die. On rapeseed, larvae [...] with a few short hairs and small white patches. The larva has five pairs of prolegs; one pair of prolegs protrudes from the posterior end, forming a distinctive

• Southern European marshland pyralid

  seen in the daytime. Eggs are laid singly or in groups of 5 to 10 eggs, overlapping in a tile-like fashion on both the upper and lower surface of leaves [...] pupate in an earthen cocoon, concealed either within the crop or in another suitable spot in the vicinity. Pupation occurs in a cocoon made of webbing [...] are 4 pairs of prolegs. Caterpillars are found in webs, preferably in damp, humid places and are thus mainly found low in the crop, often in decaying organic

• European corn borer

  appear in June. The eggs are laid mainly on the underside of leaves. The larvae initially feed on the leaves and then bore into the upper part of the maize [...] larvae pupate in situ in the galleries or in the soil. Fully grown larvae overwinter inside their tunnels in stubble, stalks and maize ears, or in wild plants [...] nubilali s), is a severe pest of maize and has also been reported to attack apple, strawberries, peppers and other plants. It is present in Europe, North

• European red mite

  is mainly a pest of fruit trees (apple, pear, plum and cherry). However, it can attack a large scale of other woody plants and is occasionally a problem [...] but is now distributed in all important apple growing areas of the world. Damage symptoms Feeding of European red mites on leaves of trees causes initially [...] generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in autumn. European

• Impatiens thrips

  consequence of the trade in foliage plants. Impatiens thrips (Echinothrips americanus) has a wide range of hosts. In addition to many ornamental plants it also [...] silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll [...] low in the crop. In sweet pepper the damage can be seen as discolouration of older leaves at the bottom of the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Impatiens

• Orius insidiosus

  behaviour of Orius insidiosus Orius insidiosus is a generalist predator but has a preference for thrips . In addition, it feeds on a variety of small arthropods [...] boxes ( Dibox ) Apply in groups of at least 50 insects in order to establish a population and encourage mating Make sure the material remains undisturbed at [...] insidiosus is a small but highly effective predatory bug for biological pest control of thrips . This beneficial insect has been widely utilized in integrated

• Adalia bipunctata

  two-spot ladybird or the two-spotted ladybug, is a species of a predatory beetle. As a natural enemy of aphids , Adalia bipunctata contributes to natural [...] yellowish orange in color. They are typically laid in clusters on the undersides of leaves near prey concentrations. Larval stage: The larvae of Adalia bipunctata [...] with a nail or wire stitch Apply 1 bag per 25 cm stem diameter, maximum 3 bags per tree The dosage of Aphidalia depends on climate and the size of the trees