• Tomato looper

  underside of leaves within folded edges, on random objects and on tomato fruit, often in a bunch of ripening tomatoes, however, it can also be found in the soil [...] deposited singly or in pairs throughout the crop, on the lower and upper surfaces of leaves. The caterpillar passes through 6 instars. It has a green head capsule [...] covered with a few stiff hairs. In older caterpillars , each segment has a clear black dot above the lateral yellow lines. There are three pairs of prolegs

• Tobacco whitefly

  identified on tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world [...] level of resistance to many insecticides and its propensity for the transmission of viruses. Damage symptoms The larvae of whitefly need a lot of protein [...] population is very large, feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt

• Corn rootworm

  soil in the egg stage. Egg hatching start in the middle of May and continues until the begin of July, with the presence of larvae peaking around the middle [...] extensive damage. The larvae feed on the rootlets and dig tunnels in the larger roots. This leads to a reduction of the root system, making the plant more [...] flower abortion and, in the case of heavy infestations, significantly reduce the number of seeds. During the milk and dough stages of maturity, the adults

• Aphids

  over 4,000 species of aphids that have been described, and they can be found in a variety of habitats throughout the world. Aphids form a single, very large [...] to the growth of a black sooty mold. Aphids life cycle Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults of the same species [...] the other. For a large part of the season an aphid population consists of viviparous females. As reproduction is asexual, the progeny of a single female

• Fall Armyworm

  the stage of crop development, and the age of the larvae. On maize, young larvae usually feed on leaves, creating a characteristic windowing effect. This [...] vary in colour from light tan to green to black. They have a distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the front of the head and four large spots on the [...] disperse in a radius of about 500 km (300 miles) before oviposition, which is sufficient for them to move from seasonally dry habitats to wet habitats in Central

• Spider mites and other mites

  laid on the underside of leaves or on other parts of the plant. The number of eggs laid by a single female can vary, and they can hatch within a few days [...] are mites? Plant mites are a diverse group of small arthropods that feed on plant sap. They are found in a wide variety of habitats, from forests and [...] breakthrough in large-scale production of a complex predatory mite Transforming crop protection: the rise of predatory mites Certainty in the quality of every

• Coleobug

  that feeds on a wide range of prey such as aphids . It also consumes pollen and nectar, allowing it to survive in the absence of prey and remain in the crop [...] species. Crops Coleobug can be used on a wide variety of crops thanks to its adaptability and generalist diet. Mode of action Both larvae and adults actively [...] Adults also maintain a high consumption rate. Both life stages feed on all aphid instars, including winged ones (alates). This mode of action makes it especially

• Shore fly

  breed readily in other moist environments. In greenhouses, adults feed on algae and their larvae on algae and decaying organic matter on planting substrate [...] live in and just beneath the algal crust growing on top of the soil/medium, where they feed on algae, bacteria, yeasts and other microorganisms. In 3–6 [...] General Shore flies of the genus Scatella are a common greenhouse pest found throughout the United States, Canada and northern Mexico. In Europe and Asia,

• Tomato russet mite

  laid on the underside of leaves, on leaf petioles, and on stems on the lower portion of plants. When newly laid they are creamy white but turn to a patchy [...] time in Australia and is a pest in tomatoes in all areas where they are grown. Other members of the plant family Solanaceae may be affected to a lesser [...] first seen on the lower part of the plant and moves upwards as the mites ascend. Life cycle and appearance of tomato russet mite All life stages of the tomato

• Neoseiulus californicus

  present it will preferentially feed on them and the population development is much faster on a diet of spider mites than on other food sources. They can also [...] Phytoseiulus persimilis in the complete absence of food, remaining in the crop to await the arrival of new prey. Life cycle of Neoseiulus californicus [...] white in colour and are deposited on the underside of the leaves. They are smaller than those of Phytoseiulus persimilis but similar to eggs of other predatory