Natutec_Airobreez_-_Directions_for_Use_-_Koppert.pdf

1.4 Make sure that you know the structure and contents of this document. Specially read the safety chapter and make sure that you know all the instructions [...] approved user is a person that fully knows the device and its safe operation. The user obeys all applicable local safety rules and regulations. 2.3 Safety [...] : supplies and consumables that are necessary for a procedure 1.6 1.7 Terminology Term Definition Carrier material The material that is a transport

Pepino mosaic virus

nightshade, some potato and pepper varieties and some plants belonging to the genera Nicotiana (e.g. tobacco), Datura (e.g. thorn apple) and Physalis (e.g. Physalis [...] caused by PepMV is, that it is very intense for a few weeks and then disappears to eventually return later in the season. This means that damage can be more [...] infection and can significantly impact the yield and quality of crops like tomatoes. Typical symptoms are: Leaves & stems Nettle-like heads and/or bubbling

Root rot of carrot

leaflets produced a germ tube, an appressorium and an infection peg into an epidermal cell, and then intracellular and intercellular mycelium. Conidia buried in [...] symptoms Rhexocercosporidium carotae is a slow-growing fungus that can infect both roots and foliage. The infection starts with small black spots over the [...] shapes. The lesions can merge and eventually cover the entire surface of the carrot. The affected areas are firm, shallow, and clearly visible. Under certain

Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

which are first white and later turn brown. Only Rhizobium radiobacter causes galls and tumours on underground plant parts and on the crown. Furthermore [...] break open, releasing many bacteria. These are dispersed by rain and wind and by humans and tools. Until now, no bacteria have been isolated from crazy roots [...] roots, hairy roots and crown gall. Damage symptoms The four pathogenic Rhizobium species cause different symptoms, like galls, tumours and excessive root growth

Aphids

types of aphid species: those that change to other host plants in the winter, and those species that do not. Species that alternate between host plants [...] hygiene Keep the growing area clean and free from weeds, debris, and plant residues that can harbor aphids. Regularly remove and dispose of any infested plant [...] on stems, buds, flowers and fruit. Damage: Aphids can cause damage to leaves, stems, and flowers by piercing the plant tissue and sucking out the sap. This

Powdery mildew

dropping leaves that are not infected yet. It depends on the cultivar how soon after infection this happens. In apple, pear, outdoor grown rose and other Rosaceae [...] leaves may turn yellow, curl up or drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Powdery mildew The fungi that cause powdery mildew ( Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium [...] mildew fungi and especially in greenhouse crops they don’t play a role in the epidemics. Fungal spores germinate on the leaf surface and the germ tubes

Caterpillars

larvae of butterflies and moths. Butterflies and moths form the order Lepidoptera, a very large group with more than 150,000 species, that are easily disti [...] biting and chewing mouthparts and can devour large amounts of plant tissue. Many species cause damage to crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur [...] on leaves and young shoots, and their enormous feeding capacity can rapidly decimate a plant. Very small caterpillars are not able to chew and therefore

Black leg of seedlings

General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, [...] flower buds fall off. The side roots rot and very little of the root system survives. On the border between air and soil or substrate the plant turns brown [...] finger nail. Life cycle and appearance of Black leg of seedlings Pythium belongs to the Oomycetes, a separate group of microorganisms and is therefore not a

Flies

are flies? There are several flies that are pests in agriculture, horticulture and mushroom cultivation. Species that can cause damage or nuisance, are [...] fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their larvae live in the ground and prefer moist substrates [...] immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs and tender roots as well as stem and leaf tissue and fruits. The lesions caused by feeding larvae provide

Cabbage leafroller

caterpillars eat a hole in the shoot and hollow it out, causing the shoot or growing point to wilt and die. Life cycle and appearance of Cabbage leafroller [...] female is 12 mm long and is ochre-yellow with darker markings. The male is slightly smaller and slimmer, more clearly marked and lighter in colour. Both [...] much lighter and have dark lateral stripes. The caterpillars are relatively thin and measure up to 25 mm in length. They are slightly hairy and have four