Black leg of seedlings

General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too hig

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect

Powdery mildew

General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage symptoms Powdery mildew symptoms are fairly simil

Early blight

General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be

Damping-off

General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too hig

Bacterial canker of tomato

General Clavibacter is a quarantine organism in Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When the occasional infection is found, strict measures are tak

Coleobug

Coleobug is an efficient predatory beetle that feeds on a wide range of prey such as aphids . It also consumes pollen and nectar, allowing it to survive in the absence of prey and remain in the crop u

Psyllids

Stable fly

General Stable flies belong to the genus Stomoxys , Latin for “sharp mouth”; a fitting moniker, as these flies are the only members of the Muscidae family that feed on mammalian blood (particularly ca

Lesser house fly

General The genus Fannia comprises almost 300 different species of fly, including the lesser house fly , the latrine fly and a whole host of other manure-breeding flies . Fannia species can be found w