General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be
General Rhizobium bacteria are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes. Additionally, pathogenic Agrobacterium s pecies have recently been assigned to
General Clavibacter is a quarantine organism in Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When the occasional infection is found, strict measures are tak
General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too hig
General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage symptoms Powdery mildew symptoms are fairly simil
General Late blight (Phytophthora infestans f.sp. infestans) is also known as Phytophthora blight, tomato blight, early / late blight tomato, potato blight and late / early blight of potato. Damage sy
Pests Larvae of various species of thrips (first and second larval stages); Eggs and larvae of greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) and cotton whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ). Crops Do not us
Thrips are one of the most challenging pests in horticulture and agriculture, causing both direct and indirect damage to a wide range of crops. Their ability to reproduce rapidly, damage plant tissue,
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Hemiptera Psyllids