General Late blight (Phytophthora infestans f.sp. infestans) is also known as Phytophthora blight, tomato blight, early / late blight tomato, potato blight and late / early blight of potato. Damage sy
General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too hig
General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect
General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage symptoms Powdery mildew symptoms are fairly simil
General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be
General Clavibacter is a quarantine organism in Europe, which means that strong efforts are used to prevent the bacterium from entering. When the occasional infection is found, strict measures are tak
What is apple rust mite? Apple rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali) is a microscopic eriophyid mite that feeds on the leaves and developing fruit of apple trees. Because of its small size, the pest is di
What is apple sawfly? Apple sawfly (Hoplocampa testudinea) is an important early-season pest of apple orchards. Adult sawflies emerge during flowering and lay their eggs in apple blossoms. After hatch
What is San José scale? San José scale (Comstockaspis perniciosa) is one of the most economically important scale insects affecting apple and pear orchards. Both nymphs and adult females feed by inser
