• Rice root aphid

  feeds on the roots of the host plant. The winged form is about 1.8 mm long, darker than the wingless form, with a brown-black head. Aphids in the winged [...] symptoms Because they suck the plant’s vital sap from the roots, plants infested with rice root aphids will exhibit some or all of the following symptoms: Wilting; [...] deposited on the plant by aphids promotes the growth of mould and fungus. Transmission of viral disease between plants. Life cycle and appearance of the Rice root

• Onion thrips

  to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey [...] patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. [...] prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks.

• Black vine weevil

  It belongs to the family Curculionidae. Damage symptoms The major damage is caused by the feeding of the larvae on the roots. After the roots have been [...] temperate climates, the small (0.7 mm diameter), spherical white eggs are laid from the beginning of July until around the end of October. The larvae that hatch [...] Overwintering occurs in the larval stage, usually as medium sized instars. Once the temperature rises, the larvae become active again. The full-grown larvae

• Cyclamen mite

  become brown near the base. Life cycle and appearance of Cyclamen mite The life cycle of the cyclamen mite ( Phytonemus pallidus ) has the following stages: [...] on plant sap by penetrating the plant tissue with its piercing-sucking mouth parts. The mites are mostly found within the flower buds, growing tips and [...] in localized patches, because the mite spreads very slowly. Symptoms vary depending on the host plant and can resemble the damage caused by viruses. Infested

• Buckthorn-potato aphid

  barely exceed half the body length. The aphids overwinter as eggs on buckthorn. After emerging in spring, the aphids mainly feed on the underside of leaves [...] their presence in the crop. Wingless females of the buckthorn- potato aphid are 1.1-2.4 mm long and bright pale green to yellowish green. The antenna are relatively [...] usually found in the lower parts of the plants and are not very mobile. In autumn, winged males and females are produced, which return to the primary host

• Brown soft scale

  of the scale darkens as the female ages. The size, shape and characteristics of the female also vary with different host plants. The middle of the scale [...] hesperidum is often attended by ants. The ants will clean and protect the coccids and in turn benefit from a rich food source. The honeydew also quickly becomes [...] can cover the leaves, flowers and fruit of the host and reduce photosynthesis and respiration. Life cycle and appearance of Brown soft scale The scale of

• Black bean aphid

  caused through the transmission of plant viruses. Infestations start usually at the younger parts of the plant but can spread all over the plant. Nymphs [...] from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation [...] betraying their presence in the crop. The black bean aphid is dark olive green to black with black bands across the back. The two cornicles (or siphunculi)

• Tomato looper

  Older instars eat through the leaves, which make them appear skeletonized. The last two instars may eat the entire leaf except for the midrib or other large [...] white marks on the forewing that sometimes overlap each other. The hindwings are brown. The body is brown and hairy and, when at rest, the hairy dorsal plume [...] prolegs, instead of the normal five and therefore the caterpillar moves with the same looping motion as an inchworm (geometrid). The cocoon is usually attached

• Leaf miners

  lost before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of [...] belong to the order Diptera (the true flies ) and form the family Agromyzidae. This is a family of small flies whose larvae tunnel into the leaves of plants [...] parts of the world. Under natural conditions, the larvae of these species are parasitized by parasitic wasps and so cause few problems. However, the use of

• European corn borer

  in June. The eggs are laid mainly on the underside of leaves. The larvae initially feed on the leaves and then bore into the upper part of the maize plants [...] brownish and dark spots with a pale centre at the base of the hairs. The head is brown to brownish black. The pupae are up to 2 cm long and light to dark [...] or on the apical part of maize ears. Larval tunnelling weakens the stalks and causes them to break during windy weather. Larval feeding inside the maize