• Broad mite

  to the damage caused by viruses. The typical pattern of damage consists of malformation and distortion of the above-ground growth of the plant. The mites [...] General The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) [...] appearance of Broad mite The life cycle of tarsonemid mites has the following stages: egg, larva, and adult. The larvae have three pairs of legs, adults

• Tomato leaf miner

  roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] Asia. In warmer regions, the insect is found outdoors but in temperate regions it only occurs in greenhouses. The tomato leaf miner has been found in greenhouses [...] bacteria enter the plant tissue via the feeding spots. Life cycle and appearance of Tomato leaf miner The life cycle of a leaf miner has the following stages:

• European red mite

  generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in autumn. [...] and appearance of European red mite The European red mite feeds mainly on the undersides of leaves but moves to upper leaf surfaces when the lower side becomes [...] spots (tubercles) at the base of the hairs; males are about 0.3 mm long, yellowish red, and more slender and tapered near the hind end. The development from

• Onion thrips

  patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. When [...] eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They are inserted into the plant tissue with a [...] Larvae are light to yellowish green in colour, with a large head and bright red eyes. The colour of the adult depends on the food source. Onion thrips (Thrips

• Crane flies

  roots and crowns of grasses during the autumn.. Larvae overwinter in the soil, usually in the third instar stage. and start feeding again in spring. They become [...] General The larvae of crane flies , called leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses [...] again and feed voraciously when the soil begins to warm up in spring. The larvae pupate below the soil surface in summer. The pupal stage lasts about two weeks

• Buckthorn-potato aphid

  half the body length. The aphids overwinter as eggs on buckthorn. After emerging in spring, the aphids mainly feed on the underside of leaves of their [...] usually found in the lower parts of the plants and are not very mobile. In autumn, winged males and females are produced, which return to the primary host [...] does not cause plant deformation. The major problem in potatoes is the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance of Buckthorn-potato aphid Aphids

• Western flower thrips

  finally the adult insect. The eggs of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks [...] disturbed. In the adults both pairs of wings are fully developed. Damage symptoms Thrips cause damage to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues [...] causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop

• Cabbage moth

  accumulates in the heart of cabbage, thereby lowering the commercial value of infested crops. Life cycle and appearance of Cabbage moth The adult cabbage [...] to black. In younger instars, the relatively large head capsule is conspicuous. In older instars, the lighter colour of the bands between the body segments [...] from their pupae the female moths lay clusters of 20 to 100 eggs on the underside of leaves or elsewhere within the greenhouse structure. The eggs are initially

• Lyprauta

  appearance of Lyprauta The adults of the three species can be distinguished by the wing pattern of adults. Adults of P. trinidadensis have a variation of dar [...] root damage in potted orchids, especially in greenhouses in the Netherlands. Dutch farmers call these larvae potworms, however, they should not be confused [...] confused with the actual potworms which are small earthworms of the family Enchytraeidae. Damage symptoms The symptoms are superficial damage on roots. Especially

• Two-spotted spider mite

  yellow, and in many plants the damage can also be seen on the upper surface of leaves as small yellow dots. The destruction of cells results in reduced p [...] on the leaves affects the appearance of the crop. This is of particular concern in ornamental crops. Life cycle of two-spotted spider mite Two-spotted [...] to the host plant by feeding on plant sap. They mainly occur on the underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck out the contents. The empty